| Maternal and Child Health notes |
| • |
Child malaria deaths averted are
based on 6 deaths averted per 1,000 children protected.
|
| • |
Child years of rehydration are the number of
sachets of oral rehydration salts necessary to prevent dehydration
of a child under five for a year. This figure assumes an average
of 3 diarrhea episodes per year over the first five years of life,
with each episode treated with an average of two sachets of ORS. |
| • |
Person years of treated water are based on
the number of bottles of PSI safe water solution necessary to disinfect
the drinking water of one person for one year. This figure is based
on disinfection of 1,000 liters of water per bottle of safe water
solution at an average consumption of 5.5 liters per day per person,
365 days per year, yielding a total of approximately 2,000 liters
per year treated with two bottles per person. |
HIV/AIDS notes |
| • |
AIDSMark,
the HIV/AIDS prevention division of PSI, in collaboration with the
York Health Economics Consortium (UK), has developed a menu-driven
Visual Basics model that estimates the health impact of PSI's HIV/AIDS
programmatic activities including: male and female condom social
marketing, voluntary counseling and testing, sexually-transmitted
infection (STI) pre-packaged treatment kits, prevention of mother-to-child
transmission, and behavior change communications. Health outcomes
include HIV infections averted and disability-adjusted life years
over multiple time horizons. The AIDSMark model takes into account
characteristics of the target population including HIV prevalence,
the prevalence of ulcerative and non-ulcerative STIs, the proportion
of sexual contacts in which a condom is used, the number of sexual
partners, and the number of sexual contacts per partner. The risk
of infection is also based on several fixed parameters including:
condom efficacy in preventing HIV transmission and the probability
of transmission during a single sexual contact between discordant
individuals (subject to variation with STI infections and the type
of sexual contact). |
| • |
Primary averted cases are the number of HIV
infections prevented as a direct result of program activity. |
| • |
Secondary averted cases are the estimated number
of future HIV infections prevented during the subsequent 12-month
period as a result of program activity. |
Family Planning notes |
| • |
Estimates for unwanted pregnancies averted
due to provision of contraceptives are calculated based on a formula
developed by the Alan Guttmacher Institute in 1996. |
| • |
Estimates for maternal deaths averted due to
provision of contraceptives are calculated based on a formula developed
by the Alan Guttmacher Institute in 1996. |
| • |
Couple years of protection are the amount of
contraception necessary to protect one couple for one year [100
condoms, 13 cycles of oral contraceptives, 100 vaginal foaming tablets,
.285 intrauterine devices, 4 injectables (3-month dose) or 6 injectables
(2-month dose) and 13 doses of emergency contraception]. |
